공자는 '주역 계사상전 제11장'에서, "是故 天生神物 聖人則之 天地變化 聖人效之 天垂象 見吉凶 聖人象之 河出圖 洛出書 聖人則之"(그러므로 하늘이 신물을 생하니 성인이 법 받고, 천지변화를 성인이 본받아, 천수상하여 길흉을 나타내니 성인이 상을 나타내어 하수에서 하도가 나오고 낙수에서 낙서가 나와 성인이 법칙으로 받았다)라고 하도와 낙서를 소개한다.
The map and The writing
Kongzi in Zhouyi:Book of changes,Xi Ci I: The Great Treatise I, Chapter 11 said, “Therefore Heaven produced the spiritual substance, and the sages took advantage of them. The operations of heaven and earth are marked by changes and transformations; and the sages imitated them. Heaven hangs out its figures from which are seen good fortune and bad, and the sages made their emblematic interpretations accordingly. The He gave forth the map, and the Lo the writing, of (both of) which the sages took advantage.”It presents the He (map) and the Lo (writing).
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